@inproceedings{jedlicka:20027:sign-lang:lrec,
  author    = {Jedli{\v c}ka, Pavel and Kr{\v n}oul, Zden{\v e}k and Kanis, Jakub and {\v Z}elezn{\'y}, Milo{\v s}},
  title     = {Sign Language Motion Capture Dataset for Data-driven Synthesis},
  pages     = {101--106},
  editor    = {Efthimiou, Eleni and Fotinea, Stavroula-Evita and Hanke, Thomas and Hochgesang, Julie A. and Kristoffersen, Jette and Mesch, Johanna},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the {LREC2020} 9th Workshop on the Representation and Processing of Sign Languages: Sign Language Resources in the Service of the Language Community, Technological Challenges and Application Perspectives},
  maintitle = {12th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC} 2020)},
  publisher = {{European Language Resources Association (ELRA)}},
  address   = {Marseille, France},
  day       = {16},
  month     = may,
  year      = {2020},
  isbn      = {979-10-95546-54-2},
  language  = {english},
  url       = {https://www.sign-lang.uni-hamburg.de/lrec/pub/20027.html},
  abstract  = {This paper presents a new 3D motion capture dataset of Czech Sign Language (CSE). Its main purpose is to provide the data for further analysis and data-based automatic synthesis of CSE utterances. The content of the data in the given limited domain of weather forecasts was carefully selected by the CSE linguists to provide the necessary utterances needed to produce any new weather forecast. The dataset was recorded using the state-of-the-art motion capture (MoCap) technology to provide the most precise trajectories of the motion. In general, MoCap is a device capable of accurate recording of motion directly in 3D space. The data contains trajectories of body, arms, hands and face markers recorded at once to provide consistent data without the need for the time alignment.}
}

@inproceedings{krnoul:16020:sign-lang:lrec,
  author    = {Kr{\v n}oul, Zden{\v e}k and Kanis, Jakub and {\v Z}elezn{\'y}, Milo{\v s} and M{\"u}ller, Lud{\v e}k},
  title     = {Semiautomatic Data Glove Calibration for Sign Language Corpora Building},
  pages     = {133--136},
  editor    = {Efthimiou, Eleni and Fotinea, Stavroula-Evita and Hanke, Thomas and Hochgesang, Julie A. and Kristoffersen, Jette and Mesch, Johanna},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the {LREC2016} 7th Workshop on the Representation and Processing of Sign Languages: Corpus Mining},
  maintitle = {10th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC} 2016)},
  publisher = {{European Language Resources Association (ELRA)}},
  address   = {Portoro{\v z}, Slovenia},
  day       = {28},
  month     = may,
  year      = {2016},
  language  = {english},
  url       = {https://www.sign-lang.uni-hamburg.de/lrec/pub/16020.html},
  abstract  = {The article deals with a recording procedure for sign language dataset building mainly for avatar synthesis systems. Combined data glove and optical capture technique is considered. We present initial experiences with the motion capture data produced by the CyberGlove3 gloves and a set of new tools to ease the recording process, glove calibration and proper interpretation by the 3D model. It results in a more flexible solution for the sign language capture integrating manual glove calibration with an automatic initialization, time synchronization and high-resolution sensor readings.}
}

@inproceedings{campr:10043:sign-lang:lrec,
  author    = {Campr, Pavel and Hr{\'u}z, Marek and Langer, Ji{\v r}{\'i} and Kanis, Jakub and {\v Z}elezn{\'y}, Milo{\v s} and M{\"u}ller, Lud{\v e}k},
  title     = {Towards {Czech} on-line sign language dictionary -- technological overview and data collection},
  pages     = {41--44},
  editor    = {Dreuw, Philippe and Efthimiou, Eleni and Hanke, Thomas and Johnston, Trevor and Mart{\'i}nez Ruiz, Gregorio and Schembri, Adam},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the {LREC2010} 4th Workshop on the Representation and Processing of Sign Languages: Corpora and Sign Language Technologies},
  maintitle = {7th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC} 2010)},
  publisher = {{European Language Resources Association (ELRA)}},
  address   = {Valletta, Malta},
  day       = {22--23},
  month     = may,
  year      = {2010},
  language  = {english},
  url       = {https://www.sign-lang.uni-hamburg.de/lrec/pub/10043.html},
  abstract  = {In this article we present the current state of our work on an on-line sign language dictionary. The aim is to create both an explanatory and a translation dictionary. It is primarily targeted (but not limited) to the Czech and Czech sign language. At first we describe technological aspects of the dictionary and then our data collection practices. The dictionary is an on-line application build with respect to the linguistic needs. We use written text to represent spoken languages and several representations are supported for sign languages: videos, images, HamNoSys, SignWriting and interactive 3D avatar. To decrease time required for data collection and publishing in the dictionary we use computer vision methods for video analysis to detect sign boundaries and analyze the manual component of performed sign for automatic categorization. The content will be created by linguists using both new and already existing data. Then, the dictionary will be opened to the public with possibility to add, modify and comment data. We expect that this possibility of on-line elicitation will increase the number of informants, cover more regions and makes the elicitation cheaper and the evaluation easier. Furthermore we prepare a mobile interface of the dictionary. The mobile interface will use different format of web pages and different video compression methods optimized for slower Internet connection. We also prepare an offline version of the dictionary which can be automatically generated from the online content and downloaded for offline usage.}
}

@inproceedings{kanis:08012:sign-lang:lrec,
  author    = {Kanis, Jakub and Kr{\v n}oul, Zden{\v e}k},
  title     = {Interactive {HamNoSys} Notation Editor for Signed Speech Annotation},
  pages     = {88--93},
  editor    = {Crasborn, Onno and Efthimiou, Eleni and Hanke, Thomas and Thoutenhoofd, Ernst D. and Zwitserlood, Inge},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the {LREC2008} 3rd Workshop on the Representation and Processing of Sign Languages: Construction and Exploitation of Sign Language Corpora},
  maintitle = {6th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation ({LREC} 2008)},
  publisher = {{European Language Resources Association (ELRA)}},
  address   = {Marrakech, Morocco},
  day       = {1},
  month     = jun,
  year      = {2008},
  language  = {english},
  url       = {https://www.sign-lang.uni-hamburg.de/lrec/pub/08012.html},
  abstract  = {The goal of sign language synthesis is to create an avatar which uses sign languge as main communication form. In order to emulate human behaviour during signing the avatar has to express manual components (hand position, hand shape) and non-manual components (face expression, lip articulation) of the performed signs. The task of sign language synthesis is implemented in several steps. Since the sign language has different grammar than the spoken language, the source sentence has to be translated into corresponding sequence of isolated signs. Those signs are synthesized in sequence and create output sentence in sign language. Non-manual components are synthesized by already developed Czech talking head which is able to articulate words and sentences in Czech language. Face expressions can be manually set. The synthesis process of manual movements is based on HamNoSys 3.0 notation. This notation is used for deterministic and suitable processing of the sign speech. The methodology of the notation allows precise and also extensible expression of the sign description.
\par
Firstly, our synthesis system automatically carries out the syntactic analysis of symbolic string (in HamNoSys notation) and generates a tree structure. The tree structure is suitable for conversion of the symbols to tra jectories with application parse rules. The parsing rules were manually formed to cover all HamNoSys notation variants. There are 39 rule actions forming complete animation tra jectories. For this purpose 138 HamNoSys symbols are currently adopted. The processing of the tree is carried out by several tree walks whilst the size of the tree is reduced. The final animation tra jectories in the root node are transformed by an inverse kinematics technique to control the joints of avatar animation model. The analysis of HamNoSys symbols allows us to animate hands and the upper half-body. Thus a single sign is encoded by corresponding sequence of HamNoSys symbols.
\par
We have developed an interactive tool which purpose is to extend our database of signs. The main application window contains list of symbols which can be clicked and added into the sequence. This sequence can be immediately converted into the movement of the avatar which is shown in the second window. This allows fast production of symbol sequences for new signs and easy modification of existing signs since the changes are directly visible. In addition it allows people who have no high experince with HamNoSys to learn it faster. At present our database contains about 300 signs which are encoded as sequeces of HamNoSys symbols. This first database is targeted to the information system for train connections. Further expansion of the database will add new areas where the avatar can be used.}
}